Saudi Arabia
Suicide Prevention Crisis Lines
- Primary Crisis Hotline:
- Phone Number: 920033360 (National Center for Mental Health Promotion – Suicide Prevention and Psychological Support Helpline)
- Hours of Operation: 24/7
- Additional Details: Provides free and confidential mental health support, including suicide prevention services. (ncmh.org.sa)
- Mental Health Helpline:
- Phone Number: 937 (Saudi Ministry of Health – Mental Health and Crisis Helpline)
- Hours of Operation: 24/7
- Additional Details: Provides psychological assistance, counseling, and crisis intervention. (moh.gov.sa)
- Emergency Line:
- Phone Number: 997 (Medical Emergencies) / 999 (Police)
- Notes: National emergency numbers for urgent medical and security services.
- Gender-Based Violence and Trauma Support:
- Phone Number: 1919 (National Family Safety Program – Domestic Violence and Trauma Helpline)
- Hours of Operation: 24/7
- Additional Details: Provides crisis intervention, shelter services, and psychological support for survivors of domestic abuse and gender-based violence. (hrsd.gov.sa)
- Youth and Adolescent Mental Health Support:
- Phone Number: 800 122 2777 (Saudi National Family Safety Program – Child and Adolescent Mental Health Support)
- Hours of Operation: 8 AM – 10 PM, Sunday to Thursday
- Additional Details: Provides emotional support and counseling services for young people facing mental health challenges.

Epidemiology of Suicide
Overall Statistics
- Current Suicide Rate (per 100,000 people): 3.2 (2019 data). (worldbank.org)
- Trend Analysis:
- Last 5 Years: Suicide rates in Saudi Arabia remain low compared to global averages but have been gradually increasing, especially among young adults and expatriate workers.
Demographic-Specific Insights
- By Gender:
- Male Suicide Rate: Higher than female suicide rates, with work-related stress being a major contributing factor.
- Female Suicide Rate: Lower but increasing, with social restrictions and mental health stigma playing a role in suicide risk.
- By Age Groups:
- Adolescents (15–24): Rising rates due to academic pressure, social isolation, and cyberbullying.
- Elderly (60+): Limited data, but some cases linked to loneliness and declining health.
- Urban vs. Rural:
- Suicide rates are slightly higher in urban centers due to increased social pressures and economic factors.
- Special Groups:
- Expatriate Workers: Higher suicide risk due to work-related stress, financial hardship, and limited access to mental health services.
- LGBTQIA+ Individuals: Face social and legal challenges, with limited access to mental health services.
- Survivors of Domestic Violence: Increased risk of mental health struggles and suicidal ideation.
Suicide Prevention Innovations
National Strategies and Policies
- Overview: Saudi Arabia has incorporated suicide prevention into its National Mental Health Strategy, focusing on accessibility, awareness, and reducing stigma.
- Key Elements:
- Expanding mental health services in hospitals and primary healthcare centers.
- Strengthening suicide prevention training for healthcare professionals.
- Public awareness campaigns to combat mental health stigma.
Specific Initiatives and Campaigns
- Public Awareness Campaigns:
- Example: “Your Mental Health Matters” – A campaign encouraging individuals to seek help and talk about mental health.
- Programs Targeting High-Risk Groups:
- Workplace Mental Health Support Programs: Providing psychological services for expatriate workers.
- School-Based Mental Health Education: Integrating mental health awareness programs into school curriculums.
- Collaborative Efforts:
- Saudi Arabia partners with WHO, regional mental health organizations, and NGOs to enhance suicide prevention efforts.
Innovative Tools and Approaches
- Digital Tools:
- Development of AI-based suicide risk detection tools in social media.
- Telehealth and online counseling platforms increasing mental health service accessibility.
- Community-Based Interventions:
- Suicide prevention training for educators, healthcare professionals, and law enforcement.
- Support groups for individuals affected by suicide and mental health struggles.
Additional Insights
- Cultural Considerations:
- Mental health remains a sensitive and often stigmatized topic in Saudi society.
- Religious and family structures play a significant role in mental health interventions.
- Research and Data Gaps:
- Limited national data on suicide among LGBTQIA+ individuals and minority groups.
- Suicide attempts may be underreported due to stigma and religious beliefs.
- Positive Developments:
- Increased investment in mental health services and suicide prevention initiatives.
- Greater public awareness and integration of mental health into national healthcare programs.
References
- Saudi Ministry of Health. (n.d.). National Mental Health and Suicide Prevention Strategy. Retrieved from https://www.moh.gov.sa/
- World Bank. (2019). Saudi Arabia – Suicide Mortality Rate (per 100,000 Population). Retrieved from https://data.worldbank.org/
- World Health Organization. (n.d.). Mental Health and Suicide Prevention in Saudi Arabia. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/
- National Center for Mental Health Promotion. (n.d.). Suicide Prevention and Mental Health Support in Saudi Arabia. Retrieved from https://www.ncmh.org.sa/
- Saudi National Family Safety Program. (n.d.). Child and Adolescent Mental Health Support Services in Saudi Arabia. Retrieved from https://www.nfsp.org.sa/
- PAHO (Pan American Health Organization). (n.d.). Mental Health Policies and Suicide Prevention in the Middle East. Retrieved from https://www.paho.org/
- UNICEF Saudi Arabia. (n.d.). Youth Mental Health and Suicide Prevention Programs in Saudi Arabia. Retrieved from https://www.unicef.org/saudi-arabia/