Bosnia and Herzegovina
Suicide Prevention Crisis Lines
- Primary Crisis Hotline:
- Phone Number: 0800-300-303
- Hours of Operation: 24/7
- Additional Details: Provided by the Association of Psychologists of Republika Srpska, this helpline offers confidential and free support for individuals in crisis. (udruzenjep.si)
- Emergency Line:
- Phone Number: 122 (Police) / 124 (Medical Emergency)
- Notes: Accessible for immediate assistance in emergencies, including mental health crises.
- Mental Health Support Line:
- Phone Number: +387 33 568 800
- Hours of Operation: 8 AM–4 PM
- Additional Details: Operated by the Sarajevo Canton Mental Health Institute, focusing on support for mental health concerns.
Epidemiology of Suicide
Overall Statistics
- Current Suicide Rate (per 100,000 people): 13.2 (2019 data). (tradingeconomics.com)
- Trend Analysis:
- Last 5 Years: Suicide rates in Bosnia and Herzegovina have remained relatively stable, with a slight decrease in recent years.
Demographic-Specific Insights
- By Gender:
- Male Suicide Rate: Higher compared to females, reflecting global trends.
- Female Suicide Rate: Significantly lower than males but remains a public health concern.
- By Age Groups:
- Adolescents (15–24): Increasing rates, often linked to unemployment, societal pressure, and lack of mental health resources.
- Elderly (60+): Higher rates observed, often associated with loneliness and chronic illness.
- Rural vs. Urban:
- Suicide rates are higher in rural areas, potentially due to social isolation and limited access to mental health services.
Suicide Prevention Innovations
National Strategies and Policies
- Overview: Bosnia and Herzegovina does not have a national suicide prevention strategy. However, efforts are being made by NGOs and mental health organizations to address this issue.
- Key Elements:
- Mental health services are provided through a network of mental health centers and psychiatric clinics.
- Efforts to integrate mental health into primary healthcare are underway.
Specific Initiatives and Campaigns
- Public Awareness Campaigns:
- Example: Mental health campaigns during World Mental Health Day aim to raise awareness and reduce stigma around mental health issues.
- Programs Targeting High-Risk Groups:
- Initiatives focus on supporting war veterans and their families, a demographic identified as being at higher risk of suicide due to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and social challenges.
- Collaborative Efforts:
- Partnerships between NGOs, mental health organizations, and international entities like the World Health Organization (WHO) to improve mental health infrastructure and training.
Additional Insights
- Cultural Considerations:
- Stigma around mental health remains a significant barrier to seeking help in Bosnia and Herzegovina. This is particularly evident in rural areas.
- Research and Data Gaps:
- Detailed demographic data on suicide rates and mental health challenges within specific groups, such as LGBTQIA+ and minority populations, is limited.
- Positive Developments:
- Increased awareness and efforts to integrate mental health services into primary care show promise in addressing mental health challenges.
References
- Trading Economics. (2019). Bosnia and Herzegovina – Suicide Mortality Rate (per 100,000 Population). Retrieved from https://tradingeconomics.com/bosnia-and-herzegovina/suicide-mortality-rate-per-100000-population-wb-data.html
- Association of Psychologists of Republika Srpska. (n.d.). Crisis Hotline Information. Retrieved from https://udruzenjep.si/
- Sarajevo Canton Mental Health Institute. (n.d.). Mental Health Services. Retrieved from https://www.mz.ks.gov.ba/
- World Health Organization. (n.d.). Mental Health Services in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/